Disease Diagnostic Systems based on AI-Applications in Healthcare: Models, Challenges, and Future Directions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63282/3050-922X.IJERET-V6I4P125Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence (AI), Natural Language Processing (NLP), Disease Diagnostics, Medical Imaging, Precision Medicine, Healthcare ApplicationsAbstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is improving clinical decision-making, accuracy, and efficiency, which is revolutionizing disease diagnosis systems. AI-powered diagnostic technologies can now evaluate medical images, including magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and radiographs, allowing doctors to identify patients more rapidly and precisely. AI technologies, such as machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and natural language processing (NLP), are being used to handle both organized and unstructured healthcare data at a rapid pace. It has been shown that Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machines (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Naive Bayes (NB), Logistic Regression (LR), and AdaBoost algorithms may successfully analyze clinical parameters of illnesses, including diabetes, renal disease, and heart disease. Time-series analysis, signal processing, and medical imaging all make extensive use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), two key models in the DL paradigm. Medical imaging, cardiovascular prediction, chronic disease management, neurological assessment, infectious disease detection, and precision medicine are among the applications supported by AI-based systems. Although the creation of AI in healthcare is associated with issues regarding data quality, standardization, interpretability, bias, and compliance with regulations, the future of AI is marked by progress in robotics, oncology, digital pathology, genomics, and integration of AI with the IoT. AI-based diagnostic tools are anticipated to enhance the current state of healthcare delivery by increasing accuracy, efficiency, and accessibility.
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